The Battle of Aror 711 CE: A Civilizational Turning Point
The Battle of Aror (711 CE) was not just a military confrontation but a civilizational rupture—a clash between two vastly…
Colonial History
Mahmud of Ghazni’s Invasions of North India: A Legacy of Destruction
Mahmud of Ghazni and His Invasions of North India: A Legacy of Destruction Mahmud of Ghazni (r. 998–1030 CE), the…
Arab Rule in Sindh (711 CE – 870 CE): The First Islamic Rule in India
The Arab conquest of Sindh in 711 CE, led by Muhammad bin Qasim, marked a significant turning point in Indian…
Charles Cornwallis (1738–1805) – From Battlefield Commander to Reformer of British India
Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis (1738–1805), remains one of Britain’s most multifaceted figures. His career, marked by military command in…
The Rise and Fall of the East India Company: A Story of Power, Trade, and Exploitation
Introduction The East India Company (EIC) began as a modest trading venture in 1600 and grew into a global power…
British Shimla: History of The Summer Capital of the British Empire (1819-1947)
British Shimla: Society, Politics, and Culture Shimla, the “Queen of the Hills,” was a significant center of British colonial power…